In-network transmission, both the demultiplexer and multiplexer are combinational circuits tools. A multiplexer picks an input from various sources and sends it as a single line. The multiplexer is also known as a MUX or data selector. A demultiplexer takes one input signal and multiplies it into multiple output signals. As a result, it’s referred to as Demux or Data Distributor.
What is a Multiplexer?
A multiplexer is a device that accepts many inputs and outputs a single line. The select lines control which inputs are linked to which outputs, as well as the quantity of data that may be transferred through a network in a given length of time. A data selector is another name for it.
A basic example of a non-electronic Adalm2000 circuit of the multiplexer is the single-pole multi-position switch, which is commonly used in many electrical circuits. The multiplexer is an electrical component that is used to do high-speed switching.
Both analog and digital applications may be handled by multiplexers. Multiplexers in analog applications are made up of relays and transistor switches, whereas multiplexers in digital applications are made up of ordinary logic gates. A digital multiplexer is a multiplexer that is used for digital applications.
Multiplexer Types
There are four different types of multiplexers available, including 2-1 multiplexer, 4-1 multiplexer, 8-1 multiplexer and 16-1 multiplexer.
4-to-1 Multiplexer
Four input bits, one output bit, and two control bits make up the 4X1 multiplexer. The four input bits are 0, D1, D2, and D3; only one of the four input bits is transferred to the output. The value of control input AB determines the o/p ‘q’. Which of the i/p data bits should send the output is determined by the control bit AB. The 4X1 multiplexer circuit schematic employing AND gates is shown in the graphic below. When the control bits AB =00, for example, the upper AND gates are permitted while the remaining AND gates are prohibited. As a result, data from the input D0 is sent to the output ‘q.”
If the control input is set to 11, all gates except the bottom AND gate are disabled. D3 is sent to the output in this example, and q=D0. All gates except the bottom AND gate are deactivated when the control input is set to AB =11. D3 is sent to the output in this example, and q = D3. IC 74153 is the greatest example of a 4X1 multiplexer. The o/p and i/p are the same in this IC. IC 45352 is another example of a 4X1 multiplexer. The o/p is the complement of the i/p in this IC.
8-to-1 Multiplexer
Eight input lines, one output line, and three selection lines make up the 8-to-1 multiplexer. The data line is connected to the output line for the combination of a selection input. An 8*1 multiplexer is depicted in the circuit below. Eight AND gates, one OR gate, and three selection lines are required for the 8-to-1 multiplexer. The AND gate receives a combination of selection inputs as an input, together with the accompanying input data lines.
All of the AND gates are connected in a similar way. In this 8*1 multiplexer, one AND gate produces a value of 1 for every selection line input, while the remaining AND gates all yield 0. Finally, all the AND gates are added using OR gates, and the result is equal to the desired value.
What is Demultiplexer?
A de-multiplexer is a device that has a single input line but multiple output lines. Its purpose is to deliver a signal to one of the numerous devices on the network. A multiplexer and a de-multiplexer are distinguished by the fact that a multiplexer takes two or more signals and encodes them on a wire, whilst a de-multiplexer does the opposite.
Types of Demultiplexer
There are four types of demultiplexers: 1-2 demultiplexer, 1-4 demultiplexer, 1-8 demultiplexer, 1-16 demultiplexer.
1-4 Demultiplexer
One input bit, four output bits, and control bits make up the 1-to-4 demultiplexer. Data D is assigned to the i/p bit. This data bit is sent to the o/p lines’ data bit, which is determined by the AB value and the control i/p.
The top second AND gate is authorized when the control i/p AB = 01, but the remaining AND gates are forbidden. As a result, just the data bit D is sent to the output, and Y1 = Data.
The output Y1 is low if the data bit D is low. The output Y1 is high if data bit D is high. The value of data bit D determines the value of output Y1, while the remaining outputs are in a low state.
All gates are restricted save the third AND gate from the top if the control input is changed to AB = 10. Then, just the data bit D is sent to the output Y2; and, Y2 = Data. IC 74155 is the greatest example of a 1X4 demultiplexer.
1-8 Demultiplexer
The demultiplexer, also known as a data distributor, has one input, three chosen lines, and eight outputs. The de-multiplexer takes a single data line from the input and changes it to any of the output lines.
The input bit is treated as data D, which is sent to the output lines. This is determined by the AB’s control input value. When AB = 01, the upper second gate F1 is activated, while the remaining AND gates are disabled, and the data bit is sent to the output, resulting in F1= data. If D is low, the F1 will be low, and vice versa if D is high.
Applications of Demultiplexer
Demultiplexers are devices that allow a single source to be connected to multiple destinations. The following are some of these applications.
Communication System
In communication systems, both mux and demux are utilized to carry out the data transfer process. A de-multiplexer receives the multiplexer’s output signals and changes them back to their original form at the receiver end.
Arithmetic Logic Unit
The ALU’s output is sent into the De-multiplexer, and the De-output multiplexer’s is linked to multiple registers. Multiple registers can be used to store the ALU’s output.
Serial to Parallel Converter
The parallel data is reconstructed using this converter. In this method, serial data is fed into the demultiplexer at regular intervals, and a counter is coupled to the control input of the demultiplexer to detect the data signal at the demultiplexer’s output. The output of the demux can be read out in parallel once all data signals have been saved.
Difference between Multiplexer and Demultiplexer
Below are the fundamental distinctions between a multiplexer and a demultiplexer.
Multiplexers and demultiplexers are combinational logic circuits that are employed in communication systems; nevertheless, their functions are precisely opposite since one works on multiple inputs while the other works on only one.
Demultiplexer is a 1-to-N device, whereas multiplexer or Mux is an N-to-1 device.
A multiplexer is a device that converts numerous analog or digital signals into a single o/p signal using multiple control lines. These control lines may be calculated using the formula 2n=r, where ‘r’ represents the number of i/p signals and ‘n’ represents the number of needed control lines.
Because it employs distinct inputs, the data conversion mechanism employed in MUX is parallel to serial and easy to grasp. DEMUX, on the other hand, operates in the opposite direction as MUX, acting as a serial to parallel converter. In this instance, the number of outputs can be increased.
To turn one i/p signal into numerous, a demultiplexer is needed. Using the same MUX formula, the number of control signals may be calculated.
Mux and Demux are both used to send data over a network with less capacity. However, at the transmitter end, a multiplexer is utilized, but at the reception end, a Demux is employed.
Next Post: What’s the Difference Between a System on a Chip and Microcontroller
